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目的探讨医院重症监护病房嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的临床特点及抗生素敏感性的分布情况。方法对28例嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的临床资料进行统计分析,选择法国生物梅里埃公司API20NE鉴定条和美国BD Phoenix100型全自动微生物鉴定仪及配套试剂进行鉴定。结果嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对抗菌药物的耐药性相当严重,对复方新诺明、左氧氟沙星、头孢他定耐药率最低,分别为0%、14%、43%;而对碳青霉烯类和氨基糖甙类抗生素高度耐药(92%～100%);对其他抗生素均有较高的耐药率。结论患有各种恶性肿瘤等基础疾病,行气管插管或气管切开,低蛋白血症以及使用广谱抗生素或免疫抑制剂是嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染的危险因素。临床可酌选复方新诺明、左氧氟沙星等耐药率低的药物进行治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection in hospital intensive care unit and the distribution of antibiotic sensitivity. Methods The clinical data of 28 cases of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection were statistically analyzed. The results were confirmed by the API20NE identification system of French bioMérieux and the automatic bioassay instrument BD Phoenix100 of USA and the matched reagents. Results The Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was very resistant to antimicrobial agents. The drug resistance rates to compound cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin and ceftazidime were the lowest (0%, 14% and 43%, respectively) Alkenes and aminoglycoside antibiotics are highly resistant (92% -100%); other antibiotics have a higher resistance rate. Conclusions The risk factors for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are the risk of underlying diseases such as various malignancies, tracheal intubation or tracheotomy, hypoproteinemia, and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or immunosuppressive agents. Clinical discretion compound cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin and other drugs with low resistance rate for treatment.