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目的研究不同胎龄胎儿(初生儿)体格发育均值与母亲分娩年龄的关系。方法采用横断面时间段整群取样实况调查方法,2005-2006年在深圳市保安区妇幼保健院调查了8141例不同胎龄胎儿(初生儿)体格发育状况,按母亲分娩年龄(≤18岁至≥39岁的每1岁)分组制定初生儿(胎儿)体格发育均值。结果初生儿(胎儿)体重、身长、坐高、头围、胸围均值都随着母亲分娩年龄增大呈现有规律的递增现象;≤23岁生育者,其分娩的初生儿(胎儿)上述5项发育均值明显<24岁以后生育者;24~33岁,其分娩的初生儿生长发育均值随母亲分娩年龄增大而增长,生长发育均值稳定并处于较高水平,是母亲最佳生育年龄段。34岁以后,上述5项生长发育均值开始下降或大幅波动,生长发育均值不稳定。18~20岁、21~23岁、24~29岁、30~34岁、35~44岁年龄段分组的初生儿生长发育均值存在递增规律,χ2检验,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.005,全部组)。结论母亲分娩年龄在24~33岁,其初生儿体重、身长、坐高、头围、胸围5项生长发育均值处于较高水平,是母亲最佳生育年龄段。母亲分娩年龄是胎儿宫内体格发育均值重要的影响因素。
Objective To study the relationship between the mean value of physical development of fetus with different gestational age (newborns) and the age of childbirth. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used to investigate the physical development of 8,141 fetuses with different gestational ages (neonates) in 2005-2006 in Baoan District of Shenzhen City. According to the age of childbirth (≤18 years old to ≥39-year-old per 1 year) grouping the development of neonatal (fetal) physical development. Results The body weight, height, sitting height, head circumference and chest circumference of newborns (fetus) showed a regular increasing phenomenon with the increasing age of the mother. The age of 23 years old, the birth of the fetus (fetus) above 5 Significant mean developmental growth <24 years old after childbirth; 24 to 33 years old, the average growth and development of the newborn childbirth with the increase of the age of delivery of mothers, growth and development mean stable and at a high level, is the mother of the best childbearing age. After the age of 34, the average of the above five growth and development began to drop or fluctuate sharply, and the mean value of growth and development is unstable. The mean of growth and development of newborns in 18 ~ 20 years, 21 ~ 23 years old, 24 ~ 29 years old, 30 ~ 34 years old and 35 ~ 44 years old groups had increasing rules. There was significant difference between the two groups P <0.005, all groups). Conclusions The age of delivery of mothers is 24-33 years old. The mean of growth and development of 5 newborns with weight, height, height, head circumference and bust is at a high level, which is the optimal age of mother. Maternal age of delivery is an important factor in the mean value of intrauterine development of the body.