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目的了解暴发在黄埔区某疗养院的一起诺瓦克病毒感染性腹泻的流行特征,为防制对策提供科学依据。方法流行病学调查结合酶联免疫法检测诺瓦克病毒抗原。结果本次疫情流行历时8 d,涉及人数444人,发病13例,罹患率为2.93%。其中,疫情主要涉及二区,二区涉及人数146人,发病10例,罹患率为6.85%,一区涉及人数298人,发病3例,均为散发病例。13例均为疗养院精神病人,主要症状为腹泻。实验室检测二区病人大便样本,诺瓦克病毒抗原有5人呈阳性,均为男性病人。结论密切接触是此次诺瓦克病毒感染性腹泻暴发的主要传播途径,隔离传染源和切断传播途径是预防和控制此病的有效措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of a Norwalk virus-infected diarrhea outbreak in a nursing home in Huangpu District and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological investigation combined with ELISA to detect Norwalk virus antigen. Results The prevalence of this epidemic lasted 8 days, involving 444 people, the incidence of 13 cases, the attack rate was 2.93%. Among them, the epidemic mainly involves two districts and two districts involving 146 people, the incidence of 10 cases, the attack rate was 6.85%, a district involving 298 people, the incidence of 3 cases, are sporadic cases. Thirteen patients were mental patients in nursing homes, the main symptom was diarrhea. Laboratory testing of stool samples from patients in the second district, Norwalk virus antigen 5 were positive, are male patients. Conclusion Close contact is the main route of transmission of Norwalk virus outbreaks. Isolating infection sources and cutting off transmission routes are effective measures to prevent and control this disease.