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目的了解重庆市北碚区2009-2013年手足口病的流行病学特点及病原学特征,为预防和控制手足口病提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对北碚区2009-2013年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果北碚区2009-2013年共报告手足口病4 441例,年均发病率为136.07/10万;街道发病率为169.87/10万,乡镇发病率为108.40/10万,城乡发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=224.63,P<0.01);1年出现2次高峰,分别是4~6月和10~12月;人群主要集中5岁以下儿童占病例总数的95.61%,职业以散居儿童为主,占病例总数的51.97%;男性年均发病率150.73/10万,女性年均发病率120.97/10万,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.20,P<0.01)。病原学监测显示,EV71占42.03%,Cox-A16占27.46%,其他肠道病毒占30.51%。结论 2009-2013年重庆市北碚区手足口病发病率街道高于乡镇,男性高于女性,发病时间集中在4~6月和10~12月,人群集中在5岁以下散居儿童。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Beibei District of Chongqing from 2009 to 2013 and provide a reference for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of HFMD in Beibei District from 2009 to 2013. Results A total of 4 441 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Beibei District from 2009 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 136.07 / 100 000. The street incidence rate was 169.87 / 100 000 and that of the township was 108.40 / 100 000 with statistical difference (Χ2 = 224.63, P <0.01). There were two peaks in one year, which were respectively from April to June and from October to December. The majority of children under 5 years old accounted for 95.61% of the total number of cases, The main incidence was 51.97% of the total cases. The average annual incidence of males was 150.73 / lakh and the average annual incidence of females was 120.97 / lakh. The incidence of males and females was statistically significant (χ2 = 53.20, P <0.01). Etiological surveillance showed that EV71 accounted for 42.03%, Cox-A16 accounted for 27.46%, other enterovirus accounted for 30.51%. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Beibei District in Chongqing from 2009 to 2013 is higher than that in towns and townships. The incidence of HFMD in women is higher than that in women in the district from April to June and from October to December. The population is concentrated in children under 5 years of age.