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目的:了解合肥市高新区城区幼儿园与城郊幼儿园儿童体格发育情况及营养情况,从中发现问题并提出相应的干预措施以指导幼儿园卫生保健工作。方法:按照合肥市儿童保健系统管理要求,统一体检标准和方法,对儿童的身高、体重进行测量,同时对龋齿、视力、血红蛋白进行检查,以此来评价合肥市高新区幼儿园儿童的生长发育和营养状况。随机整群抽取合肥市高新区城区和城郊幼儿园各4所,进行差异性比较。结果:2009～2011年,合肥市高新区城区幼儿园肥胖率明显高于城郊幼儿园,低体重、消瘦、贫血、龋病发生率明显低于城郊幼儿园,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),生长迟缓以及视力不良发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但城区各年度间常见病发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),城郊各年度间常见病发生率,差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:城区幼儿园应加强卫生保健指导,以降低肥胖儿的发生。城郊幼儿园儿童体格发育及营养水平明显低于城区幼儿园水平,这可能和家庭经济状况有关,各级政府应重视关心这一弱势群体,制定相关倾斜政策,协助办好这类幼儿园。幼儿园要重视卫生保健工作,做好膳食管理,体弱儿专案管理,以改善城郊幼儿园儿童营养状况。
Objective: To understand the physical development status and nutritional status of children in kindergartens and suburban kindergartens in Hefei High-tech Zone, to find the problems and to put forward corresponding interventions to guide the health care in kindergartens. Methods: According to the requirements of the management of children’s health care system in Hefei City, the standards and methods of physical examination were used to measure the height and weight of children. At the same time, the dental caries, visual acuity and hemoglobin were inspected to evaluate the growth and development of children in kindergartens Nutritional status. A random cluster of four high-tech zones in Hefei city and suburban kindergartens were selected, the difference was compared. Results: From 2009 to 2011, the obesity rate of urban kindergartens in Hefei High-tech Zone was significantly higher than that in suburban kindergartens. The incidence of low body weight, weight loss, anemia and dental caries were significantly lower than those in suburban kindergartens (P 0.01) (P> 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of common diseases in urban areas between years (P> 0.05), and the incidence of common diseases in suburban areas was also not statistically different Significance (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Urban kindergartens should strengthen health care guidance to reduce the incidence of obese children. Suburban nursery children’s physical development and nutritional level is significantly lower than the level of urban kindergartens, which may be related to the economic status of the family, governments at all levels should pay attention to this vulnerable groups, formulate relevant tilt policies to help run such kindergartens. Kindergartens should pay attention to health care, good diet management, frail project management to improve the nutritional status of children in suburban kindergartens.