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本文应用差热(DTA)、热重(TG)和微商热重(DTG)分析技术,研究植物残体腐解过程能态的动态变化规律。结果表明,DTA曲线上330℃放热峰是有机质热解的主要特征峰,用该峰的焓变(△H)大小表征有机残体能态的相对高低,得到有机残体腐解过程能态的动态变化特征为:在宏观整体上表现为放能过程,但在局部阶段呈现吸能与放能的交替。整个腐解过程依据能量变化特征,可依次划分为波动起伏—急剧下降—趋于平稳三个阶段。焓变与有机碳(%)呈极显著相关,N素可加速腐解过程的进行,并增加波动起伏阶段能态的波动幅度,缩短急剧下降阶段,导致能态趋于平稳阶段的提前。全部腐解在试验条件下11个月基本完成。TG和DTG曲线与DTA具有相同的特征。
In this paper, differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTG) were used to study the dynamic changes of energy states during decomposition of plant residues. The results show that the exothermic peak at 330 ℃ on DTA curves is the main characteristic peak of organic matter pyrolysis. The enthalpy change (△ H) of this peak is used to characterize the relative energy levels of organic residues. The characteristics of dynamic change are as follows: the macro energy as a whole discharge process, but in the local phase shows the energy absorption and discharge alternation. The entire decomposition process based on the energy characteristics of the change can be divided into volatility - sharp decline - tends to be stable in three stages. The enthalpy change is significantly correlated with organic carbon (%). N can speed up the decomposition process and increase the fluctuation range of the fluctuating energy state and shorten the sharp decline phase, which leads to the advance of the energy state towards the stationary phase. All decomposition in the experimental conditions basically completed 11 months. TG and DTG curves have the same characteristics as DTA.