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胃癌根治要求原发肿瘤的完全切除、胃周围受累器管的广泛截除以及淋巴结的充分清扫。预防性淋巴结清除对胃癌手术取得良好疗效具有重要意义。组织病理学组织学分类应既能反映胃癌的生长和转移方式,又能提示手术后的预后。通常,胃癌分为两种组织学类型,即癌细胞广泛播散而不构成腺体(小管)者以及癌细胞形成腺体者,分别称为未分化型和分化型腺癌。该分型确能与胃癌的扩散及临床预后相联系。日本则进一步分型,癌细胞存在于粘膜或粘膜下层称早期癌,侵入和穿透粘膜下层的为中晚期癌。早期癌分三型,即隆起、扁平与凹陷型。凹陷型又分两亚型:其一有不规则隆起明显地围以周围正常粘膜;另
The eradication of gastric cancer requires complete resection of the primary tumor, extensive ablation of the affected organs around the stomach, and adequate lymph node dissection. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy is of great importance for obtaining good curative effect in gastric cancer surgery. Histopathological histological classification should not only reflect the growth and metastasis patterns of gastric cancer, but also indicate the prognosis after surgery. In general, gastric cancer is divided into two histological types, ie, cancer cells that are widely disseminated but do not constitute glands (tubules) and cancer cells form glands, and are referred to as undifferentiated and differentiated adenocarcinomas, respectively. This classification can indeed be related to the spread of gastric cancer and clinical prognosis. In Japan, it is further classified that cancer cells are present in the mucosa or submucosa known as early cancers and those invading and penetrating the submucosa are intermediate and advanced cancers. There are three types of early cancers, namely bulge, flattened and depressed type. The depression type is divided into two subtypes: one with irregular bulges clearly surrounding the surrounding normal mucosa;