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[目的]分析1999～2006年天津市不同年龄阶段居民死因顺位变化,寻找不同年龄阶段主要死因,为降低居民死亡率提供科学依据。[方法]收集1999～2006年8年间天津市报告死亡病例,按照国际疾病分类(ICD-10)进行死因编码,采用天津市全死因监测系统专用软件录入微机,进行统计分析。[结果]各年龄组的死亡率,男性均高于女性,总死亡率没有明显的下降趋势;不同年龄组的死因顺位存在着很大差异,0～15岁组以先天性心脏病、早产儿和未成熟儿、新生儿产伤和窒息、先天畸形等与妇幼保健有关的疾病和意外伤害为主要死因;15～65岁及65岁以上人群均以心脑血管、肿瘤、呼吸系统、糖尿病等慢性病造成的死亡为主要死亡原因。[结论]提高妇幼保健工作可以降低小年龄组的死亡率,慢性病已经成为15岁以上人口的主要死因,对慢性病进行防治应该提到重要的地位。其不仅可降低15岁以上人口的死亡率,而且会减少其造成的社会经济负担。
[Objective] To analyze the change of death causes among residents of different ages in Tianjin from 1999 to 2006, and to find the main causes of death in different age groups, so as to provide a scientific basis for reducing the death rate of residents. [Methods] The death cases reported in Tianjin from 1999 to 2006 were collected. The cause of death was coded according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The computer was imported into the computer with special software of all cause monitoring system in Tianjin for statistical analysis. [Results] The mortality rate in all age groups was higher than that in males, and the total mortality rate did not decrease obviously. There was a big difference in the death sequence among different age groups. The incidence of congenital heart disease, premature birth Children and immature infants, neonatal births and asphyxia, congenital malformations and other maternal and child health-related diseases and accidental injuries as the main cause of death; 15 to 65 years of age and over the population of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, cancer, respiratory system, diabetes Deaths caused by other chronic diseases are the main causes of death. [Conclusion] Improving maternal and child health care can reduce mortality in the younger age group. Chronic diseases have become the leading cause of death for people over 15 years of age. Prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be mentioned in an important position. Not only does it reduce the mortality rate of people over the age of 15, but it also reduces the socio-economic burden it causes.