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以相似理论为基础的物理模拟方法是理论与实验密切结合,研究金属塑性成形,求解变形力的一种重要方法。本文为探讨相似模拟方法由于予测金属塑性成形的变形力,进行了验证性的实验。根据塑性成形的相似条件,用英国Harutt′s Plasticine公司生产的白色塑性泥作为模型材料予测A3钢的镦粗变形力,误差为9.2％,得到较好的相似,表明塑性泥是理想的模型材料。根据π定理用量纲分析法求出相似判据,以铅和铝模拟圆筒形锻件在立式液压机上拉拨的变形力,其误差均在工程允许范围之内,结界是可取的。
The physical simulation method based on the similarity theory is an important method to study the plastic forming of metal and solve the deformation force by combining the theory and experiment closely. In this paper, a verification experiment was carried out to explore the similar simulation method due to the deformation force of metal plastic forming. According to the similar conditions of plastic forming, the white plastic clay produced by Harutt’s Plasticine Company in the UK was used as the model material to predict the upsetting deformation of A3 steel with an error of 9.2%. The good similarity was obtained, indicating that plastic clay was the ideal model material. According to the π theorem, the similarity criterion was calculated by the dimensional analysis method. The deformation force of pulling the dial on the vertical hydraulic press with the lead and aluminum simulated cylindrical forgings was within the allowable range of the project, and the enchantment was desirable.