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本文综述了纳米材料在工程流体中的研究进展.介绍了纳米工程流体的分散稳定性机理、分散剂的选择及影响因素;介绍了纳米工程流体的热传导与传质特性,包括纳米流体的导热系数、对流换热、沸腾换热、气液传质的相关机理与特性;介绍了纳米润滑油的摩擦学特性以及抗磨、极压性能机理等方面的实验和理论研究成果,旨在为纳米材料在制冷、换热、润滑、吸收等领域工程流体的发展提供指导,并提出了纳米工程流体发展中存在的问题及发展方向.
In this paper, the progress of nanomaterials in engineering fluids is reviewed. The mechanism of dispersion stability of nanostructured fluids, the choice of dispersant and its influencing factors are introduced. The thermal and mass transfer properties of nanofluid are introduced, including the thermal conductivity of nanofluids , Convection heat transfer, boiling heat transfer, gas-liquid mass transfer mechanism and characteristics; introduced the nano-lubricating oil tribological properties and anti-wear, extreme pressure performance mechanism and other aspects of the experimental and theoretical research aimed at nano-materials Provide guidance on the development of engineering fluids in the fields of refrigeration, heat exchange, lubrication and absorption, and put forward the problems and development directions in the development of nano-engineering fluids.