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目的了解广东省市级疾控机构和部分县区级疾控机构分析检验化学性食物中毒样品的能力,研究摸索针对实验室化学性食物中毒检测能力的考评方法。方法采用统一发放比对样品、提供有关化学品种类范围的信息、规定时间报告结果的方式,组织全省21个市级疾控机构和部分县区级疾控机构进行化学品检验的实验室间比对,样品包括在市售的饮料中加入一定量的甲胺磷、久效磷、氯氰菊酯、毒鼠强、敌鼠钠盐制成混合样品A,其中样品A-1、A-2、A-3分别含上述5、4、3种有毒成分(样品A-1、A-2发给省市级、A-3发给县级);加入一定量的铅、砷、镉标准物制成混合样品B。对样品A进行定性检测,对样品B进行定性和定量检测,并对检验结果进行统计分析。结果共考核省、市、县级疾控中心实验室40家。参加样品A检测比对的实验室40家,其中19家实验室获满分,占47.5%;14家实验室少报或多报有毒成分,占35.0%;7家实验室未报检测结果,占17.5%。参加样品B检测比对的实验室40家,其中3种重金属元素全部检出的实验室有33家,占82.5%,3家实验室未报检测结果,占7.5%,对铅、砷、镉定量检测中,满意的实验室分别占91.7%、87.9%、77.1%。结论广东省疾控机构实验室化学性食物中毒应急检测能力可满足工作要求,但少数机构实验室能力还有待进一步加强和提高。
Objective To understand the ability of Guangdong municipal CDC institutions and some county CDC institutions to analyze and test chemical food poisoning samples and to find out the evaluation methods for laboratory chemical food poisoning detection ability. Methods The methods of uniform distribution of samples, providing information on the range of chemicals, and the method of reporting the results in time were set up. The laboratories of 21 municipal CDCs and some county-level CDCs carrying out chemical tests were organized The samples consisted of samples A-1, A-2 and A-3, respectively, which were prepared by adding a certain amount of methamidophos, monocrotophos, cypermethrin, tetramisin, Contains the above-mentioned 5, 4, 3 kinds of toxic components (sample A-1, A-2 sent to the provincial and municipal levels, A-3 issued to the county level); adding a certain amount of lead, arsenic, cadmium standards made of mixed sample B . Qualitative detection of sample A, the qualitative and quantitative detection of sample B, and the statistical analysis of test results. Results A total of 40 provincial, municipal and county CDC laboratories were evaluated. Forty laboratories attended the sample A test and comparison, of which 19 laboratories received the full score, accounting for 47.5%; 14 laboratories less reported or more toxic components, accounting for 35.0%; 7 laboratories did not report the test results, accounting for 17.5%. Forty laboratories participated in the sample B test and comparison, of which 33 were all detected by three kinds of heavy metal elements, accounting for 82.5% of the total. Three laboratories did not report the test results, accounting for 7.5% Quantitative testing, satisfactory laboratories accounted for 91.7%, 87.9%, 77.1%. Conclusion The capability of emergency detection of chemical food poisoning in CDC laboratories in Guangdong Province can meet the job requirements, but the laboratory capability of a few agencies needs to be further strengthened and improved.