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一我们所指的“理论”是文学批评中的一种特殊研究:即通过对一种阐释方法的整体运用,试图掌握对特定文本的理解。这个术语有时被用在与对单个作品的理解没有直接关系的文学学科中,如叙述学,文体学和韵律学。尽管有它们的普遍性,但是我们认为这些学科主要是经验主义的,因而在我们关于“反对理论”的讨论中将不予应用。当代理论分为两种形式。许多理论家寻求在方法论的基础上阅读文本,保证解释的客观性和有效性。另外一些理论家认为这种方法不能让解释者产生共鸣,转而将这种理论上的失败转换为另一种模式的理论,否定正确解读文本的可能性。我们这篇文章的目的不是在这两种理论中二
What we mean by “theory” is a special kind of research in literary criticism that tries to grasp the understanding of specific texts through the overall application of an interpretation method. This term is sometimes used in literary subjects that are not directly related to the understanding of a single work, such as narrative, stylistics and rhythm. In spite of their universality, we consider these disciplines primarily empiricist and therefore will not be applied in our discussion of “opposition theory.” Contemporary theory is divided into two forms. Many theorists seek to read the text on a methodological basis to ensure the objectivity and validity of the explanation. Other theorists argue that this approach does not resonate with the interpreter and instead transforms this theoretical failure into another model of theory that negates the possibility of a correct interpretation of the text. The purpose of our article is not in the two theories