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最近几年关于颌面部局麻的不常见并发症已有部分病例报告(1～3)。它们的共同特点是与使用含肾上腺素的2％普鲁卡因有关,都是在作上齿槽后神经或下齿槽神经传导阻滞麻醉下发生,而且以眼部并发症居多,如瞳孔散大,视力障碍,眼底苍白等:提示了颌面部局麻并发症除教科书列举之外,还可能发生一些少见的并发症,应引起临床工作者的注意。一、过敏原的复杂性对普鲁卡因和其他苯甲酸的酯类衍生物的过敏是常见的。在药物的酯族内和广泛用作遮光剂的对胺苯甲酸之间,以及在对羟基苯甲酸及其衍生物之间,很可能有交叉敏感性,所有这些苯甲酸酯类都具有相当高度的抗原性,已为多数学者所公认。
Some common cases of maxillofacial local anesthesia have been reported in recent years (1-3). Their common feature is associated with the use of adrenaline containing 2% procaine, both in the post-alveolar nerve or inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia occurs, and the majority of ocular complications, such as the pupil Dyslexia, visual impairment, pale eyes, etc.: Tip of maxillofacial local anesthesia complications listed in addition to textbooks, there may be some rare complications that should arouse the attention of clinicians. Allergen Complexity Allergy to procaine and other ester derivatives of benzoic acid is common. Cross-sensitivity is most likely to exist between the ester family of the drug and para-aminobenzoic acid, which is widely used as a sunscreen, and between para-hydroxybenzoic acid and its derivatives, all of which have fairly high Antigenicity, has been recognized by most scholars.