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健康是人类的基本权利,健康状况的改善是一个国家、社会发展进步的直接体现。因此,许多国家将居民的健康风险分担纳入公共财政预算。但是,在我国长期的城乡分割状态下,居民的健康风险分担体系也呈现出鲜明的二元化体制,城市居民的公费医疗与农村居民的合作医疗曾经长期共存,医疗社会保障体系与自发的健康风险分担体系并存。改革开放以后的很长一段时间,是农户的自费医疗与企业职工的医保并存。目前,我国实施的是按照身份和职业划
Health is the basic human right. The improvement of health status is a direct reflection of the development of a country and society. Therefore, many countries have incorporated the health risks of residents into the public budget. However, in the long-term separation between urban and rural areas in China, the residents’ health risk sharing system also shows a distinct dualization system. The public medical service for urban residents and the rural residents’ cooperative medical care have long coexisted, and the medical social security system and spontaneous health Risk sharing system coexists. After a long period of reform and opening up, it was the co-existence of farmer’s self-financed medical care and company employees’ medical insurance. At present, China’s implementation is based on identity and occupational planning.