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一克分子理想气体进行的如下循环:1→2等温膨胀,2→3绝热膨胀,3→4等温压缩,4→1绝热压缩。经过循环后体系的热效率η=(T_1-T_2)/T_1即仅与二端温度有关,而与工作介质无关。所做的功W=Q_1η是理想热机的最大功。 2.f=C-P+2 描述组分数C,相数P和自由度f之间的关系不能改变此时f=1-3+2=0意味着一旦改变温度或压力必定伴随一相的消失。
One molecule of ideal gas undergoes the following cycles: 1 → 2 isothermal expansion, 2 → 3 adiabatic expansion, 3 → 4 isothermal compression, 4 → 1 adiabatic compression. After the cycle of the system thermal efficiency η = (T_1-T_2) / T_1 is only related to the temperature at both ends, but has nothing to do with the working medium. The work done W = Q_1η is the maximum work of the ideal heat engine. 2.f = C-P + 2 Description The number of components C, the relationship between the number of phases P and the degree of freedom f can not be changed. In this case f = 1-3 + 2 = 0 means that once the temperature or pressure is changed, disappear.