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本文认为二重感染直接与抗菌素的使用有关,它是指任何一种抗菌素治疗过程中出现的新感染。作者复习了二十二个医院中14,077例接受抗菌素治疗的内科住院病人的病史资料,经统计学处理,发现在药物治疗期间95例(0.7％)有二重感染(上界可信限0.8％)。在16种抗菌素中,头孢霉素和氨基糖类是二重感染最多的药物,其发生率分别为1.3％和2.4％,至于其他抗菌素并发新感染的则少于1％。 60岁或60岁以上的病例发生二重感染的危险性略高于年轻者(分别为0.8％对0.6％)。女性比男性危险性略小。随着血液尿素氮(Bun)的升高,二重感染率也升高,感染率从Bun少于25毫克/分升的0.6％到50毫克/分升的1.3％或更大些。本组病例有三种情况:3,238例曾接受任何一种抗代谢药物或皮质类固醇;999例恶性肿瘤并未接受免疫抑制治疗;其余为9,840例。免疫抑制治疗患者比其他两组易得感染,未接受免疫抑制治疗的恶性肿瘤患者,其易感性与其他内科病人没有区别。
This article concludes that dual infection is directly related to the use of antibiotics and refers to any new infections that occur during any antibiotic treatment. The authors reviewed the medical history of 14,077 inpatient medical inpatients admitted to antibiotics at 22 hospitals and found that 95 (0.7%) had a double infection (upper limit of confidence 0.8% ). Of the 16 antibiotics, cefotaxime and aminosugar are the most commonly reported agents with rates of 1.3% and 2.4%, respectively, while less than 1% were reported for other antibiotics. Patients 60 years of age or older had a slightly higher risk of developing a double infection (0.8% vs. 0.6%, respectively). Women are slightly less dangerous than men. As the blood urea nitrogen (Bun) increases, the rate of double infection also increases, with infection rates ranging from 0.6% for Bun less than 25 mg / dL to 1.3% or more for 50 mg / dL. There were three cases in this group of patients: 3,238 had received any antimetabolite or corticosteroid; 999 had no immunosuppression; and the remaining 9,840. Patients with immunosuppressive therapy were more likely to be susceptible to other medical patients than patients in the other two groups who became susceptible to infection and who did not receive immunosuppressive therapy.