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手足口病(HFMD)是由柯萨奇病毒A16、肠道病毒EV71感染所引起的一种传染病,此病传染性强。病毒可通过呼吸道飞沫、直接接触、病毒污染的玩具、食物等传播,以发热和手、足、口腔等部位的皮疹或疱疹为主要特征,多发于5岁以下婴幼儿,夏秋季易发生流行,如无并发症多预后良好;若合并心肌炎,病毒性脑炎,重症肺炎和肺水肿,病情严重可危及患儿生命。养成良好的卫生习惯是积极预防的重要措施。及时的抗病毒制剂的应用和中药治疗在临床上取得了显著的效果,免疫球蛋白的糖皮质激素治疗在危重症的抢救中取得了宝贵的经验。
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by Coxsackie virus A16 and enterovirus EV71, which is highly contagious. The virus can be transmitted through respiratory droplets, direct contact, virus-contaminated toys, food and the like, and is characterized by fever and skin rashes or herpes in hands, feet, mouth and other places, and is predominant in infants and children under 5 years of age. If no complications and good prognosis; if combined with myocarditis, viral encephalitis, severe pneumonia and pulmonary edema, serious condition can endanger the lives of children. Develop good health habits is an important measure to actively prevent. The timely application of antiviral agents and Chinese medicine has achieved remarkable clinical results. The immunoglobulin glucocorticoid therapy has gained valuable experience in the rescue of critically ill patients.