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中国城市目前存在着双重极端化的福利制度;极端化的高福利和极端化的低福利。两种福利制度下的劳动者的福利待遇有着天壤之别。极端化的高福利主要是正规部门中的“正式”工作岗位所享受的福利,如同家机关、事业单位、国有企业及其他类型企业中的正式工作岗位的福利。这种福利制下的职工几乎享有从养老、医疗和失业保险到住房及其他各类补贴及带薪休假等完整的福利待遇。有关资料表明,城市正式工的福利收入相当于工资收入的60%以上,其中仅养老保险一项就将近占工资收入的30%。极端化的低福利所涌盖的工作部门则包括非正规部门的全部及正
Chinese cities now have dual-polarized welfare systems; extreme high benefits and extreme low benefits. There are big differences between the benefits of workers under the two welfare systems. Extremely high benefits are mainly those enjoyed by formal jobs in the formal sector, such as those in official offices in institutions, public institutions, state-owned enterprises and other types of businesses. The workers under this system have almost complete benefits ranging from endowment insurance, medical and unemployment insurance to housing and other types of subsidies and paid leave. Relevant data show that urban formal workers benefit income equivalent to more than 60% of wage income, of which only one of the pension insurance will account for nearly 30% of wage income. The working units covered by the extreme low benefits include all and all of the informal sector