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The nanosheets structured K-Co-MoS 2 catalyst was prepared through a one-step hydrothermal synthesiscombined with the wetness impregnation. The fresh catalyst has a high dispersion of Co-Mo-S active phase and no Co 9 S 8 is found. The pure H 2 activated catalyst shows a higher intrinsic activity, especially the C 2 + OH selectivity for the higher alcohol synthesis compared to the one activated by 5％ H 2 /N 2 atmo-sphere. The reason is attributed to that the pure H 2 activation more effectively suppresses the formationof Co 9 S 8 and stabilizes the Co-Mo-S active phase during the reaction due to the formation of SH species.