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目的了解2010—2012年周宁县手足口病流行病学特征,为开展防控工作提供依据。方法对周宁县2010—2012年手足口病疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2010—2012年全县共报告手足口病852例,年均发病率为140.65/10万,各年发病率依次为83.04/10万、66.72/10万和271.81/10万。全县9个乡镇均有病例报告,不同乡镇间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中狮城镇发病率最高(313.75/10万)。除2012年3月份无病例报告外,其余各月份均有病例报告;2010年流行高峰期在4—6月(100例,占59.88%);2011年各月发病数波动于2～22例之间,未见明显的发病高峰;2012年出现2个高峰,分别在7月(80例,占14.55%)和10—11月(215例,占39.09%)。男性发病540例,女性发病312例,男女性别比为1.73∶1。发病以5岁及以下儿童为主(842例,占98.83%);职业以散居儿童为主(685例,占80.40%)。采集手足口病病例样本107份,检出阳性100份,阳性检出率为93.46%,其中肠道病毒71型阳性56例(占56.0%)、其他肠道病毒阳性31例(占31.0%)、柯萨奇A16病毒阳性13例(占13.0%)。结论周宁县手足口病发病以5岁及以下散居儿童为主,切实做好疫情监测、开展健康教育和诊疗技术培训是手足口病预防控制的有效措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Zhouning County from 2010 to 2012 and provide basis for prevention and control work. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of hand, foot and mouth disease data from 2010 to 2012 in Zhouning County was conducted. Results A total of 852 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in the county from 2010 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 140.65 / 100,000. The incidence rates of each year were 83.04 / 100000, 66.72 / 100000 and 271.81 / 100000. Nine townships in the county have reported cases, and the incidence rates among different townships were statistically significant (P <0.01), of which the highest was Shiquan Township (313.75 / 100,000). In addition to the March 2012 no case report, the rest of the month there are case reports; peak in 2010 from April to June (100 cases, accounting for 59.88%); monthly incidence in 2011 fluctuated in 2 to 22 cases There were no significant peak incidence in 2012, with two peaks in 2012, which were respectively in July (80 cases, 14.55%) and October-November (215 cases, 39.09%). 540 cases of male onset, 312 cases of female onset, male to female ratio was 1.73: 1. Incidence of children aged 5 and under (842 cases, accounting for 98.83%); occupations mainly scattered children (685 cases, accounting for 80.40%). A total of 107 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were collected, of which 100 were positive. The positive rate was 93.46%, of which 56 (56.0%) were enterovirus 71 positive and 31 (31.0%) were other enterovirus positive. , Coxsackie A16 virus positive in 13 cases (13.0%). Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhouning County is dominated by scattered children aged 5 years and younger. Effective monitoring of epidemic situation and training of health education and diagnosis and treatment are effective measures for the prevention and control of HFMD.