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目的了解农村地区实施改水改厕和环境整治等综合措施后土壤中土源性线虫虫卵污染情况、变化规律及对人群土源性线虫感染的控制效果。方法在江西省进贤县2个村,用饱和硫酸镁离心浮聚法检查土壤中蛔虫虫卵和鞭虫虫卵的污染情况,Kato法检查人群土源性线虫感染情况。结果改水改厕后,试点村土壤中蛔虫和鞭虫虫卵阳性率均呈下降的趋势,1年后庭院、客厅、菜园、厕所蛔虫虫卵阳性率和总阳性率分别下降76.48%(P<0.01)、66.68%(P<0.05)、49.99%(P<0.05)、43.75%(P>0.05)和59.03%(P<0.01),以后均维持在较低的水平,鞭虫虫卵阳性率分别下降68.74%、62.50%、64.71%、64.71%和65.15%(P<0.01)。死蛔虫虫卵率从试点前的2.57%上升到2006年的69.81%,死鞭虫虫卵率从0.61%上升至78.13%,之后2年均保持在70%左右水平。结论实施改水改厕和环境整治控制土壤蛔虫虫卵和鞭虫虫卵污染效果显著,也是控制人群蛔虫、鞭虫感染的有效途径。
Objective To understand the situation of soil-borne nematode egg contamination in soil and the control effect on soil-borne nematode infection in rural areas after the implementation of comprehensive measures such as water and toilet renovation and environmental remediation. Methods In two villages of Jinxian County, Jiangxi Province, the contamination of roundworm eggs and whipworm eggs in soil were examined by centrifugation and flooding with saturated magnesium sulphate. The infection of soil-borne nematodes by Kato method was examined. Results After changing the water and toilets, the positive rates of roundworm eggs and whipworm eggs in the pilot villages tended to decrease. One year later, the positive rate and the total positive rate of roundworm eggs in the courtyard, living room, vegetable garden and toilets decreased by 76.48% (P (P <0.01), 66.68% (P <0.05), 49.99% (P <0.05), 43.75% (P> 0.05) and 59.03% (P <0.01) The rates decreased by 68.74%, 62.50%, 64.71%, 64.71% and 65.15% respectively (P <0.01). The rate of dead wormworm eggs increased from 2.57% before the experiment to 69.81% in 2006, and the egg rate of dead whipworm increased from 0.61% to 78.13% and maintained at about 70% after two years. Conclusion It is an effective way to control the infection of roundworm eggs and whipworm eggs by controlling the water and toilets and environmental remediation. It is also an effective way to control the infection of roundworms and whipworms.