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目的了解麻疹流行病学特征和监测系统(MSS)运行状况,为控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对2003~2007年麻疹监测资料进行统计分析。结果2003~2007年共报告疑似麻疹628例,较法定传染病报告系统高19.62%。年均发病率为1.66/10万。麻疹发病高峰为3~6月份,发病以15岁以下儿童为主,占病例总数65.25%。331例≥8月龄麻疹病例中,接种1剂次及以上的仅占19.34%。疑似麻疹病例及时报告、及时调查、标本采集、合格标本采集、及时送达、及时反馈率分别为95.86%、95.38%、75.48%、99.79%、88.40%、93.25%。排除病例与麻疹病例之比为0.67:1。结论MV接种率和接种质量低是麻疹发病的主要原因,≥15岁和<8月龄人群麻疹发病逐渐增多。应提高2剂次MV接种率,加强成人MV接种,适时开展MV强化免疫,同时要进一步提高标本采集率和及时送达率,加强实验室检测。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles and the operation status of monitoring system (MSS) and provide the basis for controlling and eliminating measles. Methods The data of measles surveillance from 2003 to 2007 were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 628 suspected measles cases were reported from 2003 to 2007, which was 19.62% higher than the statutory communicable disease reporting system. The average annual incidence was 1.66 / 100000. The peak incidence of measles 3 to 6 months, the incidence of children under 15 years of age, accounting for 65.25% of the total number of cases. Of the 331 cases of measles with ≥8 months of age, only 19.34% were vaccinated with one dose or more. Timely reports of suspected cases of measles, timely investigation, collection of specimens, collection of qualified specimens, and timely delivery, timely feedback rates were 95.86%, 95.38%, 75.48%, 99.79%, 88.40%, 93.25% respectively. The ratio of excluded cases to measles cases was 0.67: 1. Conclusions MV vaccination rate and vaccination quality are the main causes of measles. The incidence of measles in ≥15 years old and <8 months old is gradually increased. MV vaccination should be increased 2 doses, to enhance adult MV vaccination, timely launch of MV enhanced immunity, and to further improve the specimen collection rate and timely delivery rate, and strengthen laboratory testing.