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270V高压直流供电系统成为航空航天领域新的发展趋势,而直流短路电流的可靠分断是制约航空高压直流应用的关键因素。文中对比分析目前航空系统中采用的直流开断技术,设计了一种新型混合断路器。首先,基于混合断路器的控制时序理论分析分断瞬态过程及特性,给出缓冲支路电容选取方法及压敏电阻选取原则。其次,对所设计的新型拓扑结构进行仿真分析,深入研究缓冲和吸收瞬态过程。仿真结果表明,分断过程中设计的新型拓扑结构,具有有效抑制电源侧过电压的能力。随后研制额定100A,可靠分断2200A短路电流的小型化新型混合断路器样机。最后,实验研究混合断路器的分断特性,实验结果验证了换流、缓冲吸收瞬态过程,并得出IGBT过流失效是影响该混合断路器分断性能的主要因素。
270V HVDC power supply system has become a new trend in aerospace field. The reliable breaking of DC short-circuit current is the key factor that restricts the application of HVDC. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the DC breaking technology used in the current aviation system is given, and a new type of hybrid circuit breaker is designed. First of all, based on the control theory of hybrid breaker, the transient process and characteristics of the breaker are analyzed, and the selection method of the capacitor and the selection principle of varistor are given. Secondly, the new topology designed for simulation analysis, in-depth study of buffer and absorption transient process. The simulation results show that the new topology designed during the breaking process has the ability to effectively suppress the overvoltage on the power supply side. Subsequent development of a rated 100A, reliable breaking 2200A short circuit current miniaturization of new hybrid circuit breaker prototype. Finally, the breaking characteristics of the hybrid circuit breaker are experimentally studied. The experimental results verify the transient process of commutation and buffer absorption. It is concluded that overcurrent IGBT failure is the main factor affecting the breaking performance of the hybrid circuit breaker.