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国企改革的紧迫性进入新世纪之后,外资、民营力量的加强带来市场竞争的加剧,政府职能重点转向创造公平竞争的市场环境,开放的格局使得企业间竞争国际化,这些因素加在一起,使国有企业面临的形势更加严峻。国有工业企业占用全国工业总资产的一半,占用工业贷款的约三分之二,却只创造出三分之一的工业产值。这种过低的资源配置局面如果长期得不到改变,必将影响到中国经济的增长潜力。另一方面,由于国有经济在支撑国民经济的重要行业中处于垄断地位,其企业效益直接关系国家竞争力。因而,深化国有企业改革有十足的紧迫性,正如江泽民同志所说,国有企业改革进入“关键时期、攻坚阶段”。国有企业的改革和发展必须在两个方面取得实质性进展,一是制度创新,二是结构调整。
Urgency of State-owned Enterprise Reform After entering the new century, the intensification of foreign and private-owned forces has led to intensified market competition. The government functions have shifted to creating a market environment for fair competition. The open pattern has made international competition among enterprises an integral part of these factors. Make the situation facing the state-owned enterprises even worse. State-owned industrial enterprises, which occupy half of the country's total industrial assets and occupy about two-thirds of industrial loans, only create one-third of industrial output. If the long-term unresolved situation of resource allocation is too low, it will surely affect the growth potential of China's economy. On the other hand, since the state-owned economy is monopolized in the important industries that support the national economy, the efficiency of the enterprises is directly related to the national competitiveness. Therefore, deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises is full of urgency. As Comrade Jiang Zemin said, the reform of state-owned enterprises has entered a crucial period and a crucial stage. The reform and development of state-owned enterprises must make substantive progress in two aspects. First, institutional innovation and second, structural adjustment.