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为探讨转化生长因子β１（ＴＧＦβ１）对肝细胞增殖的调节作用，用ＴＧＦβ１单克隆抗体和免疫组织化学方法研究ＴＧＦβ１在大鼠胎肝、正常成年肝、再生肝和癌变肝中的表达。结果表明：正常成年大鼠肝的大部分血管内皮细胞及胆管上皮细胞表达ＴＧＦβ１。大鼠胎肝的少量血窦内皮细胞表达ＴＧＦβ１，出生后表达逐渐增强，至生后３０ｄ的表达水平同成年肝。肝大部分切除后１～２ｄ，血窦内皮细胞ＴＧＦβ１表达增强，于大部切除后１０ｄ恢复正常水平。肝癌早、中期，内皮细胞ＴＧＦβ１表达增强；中、后期，只有少量肝癌细胞表达ＴＧＦβ１。结果提示：大鼠肝在胚胎期、生长发育期、成年期和再生期ＴＧＦβ１的表达变化，有利于肝细胞增殖活动的调节和相对稳定。大鼠肝癌诱发期ＴＧＦβ１表达未能阻止肝癌的发生发展，可能与肝癌细胞表面ＴＧＦβ１受体的改变和ＴＧＦβ１前体激活机制的丧失有关。
To investigate the regulatory effect of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) on hepatocyte proliferation, the expression of TGFβ1 in rat fetal liver, normal adult liver, regenerative liver and cancerous liver tissue was studied by using TGFβ1 monoclonal antibody and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that most of the vascular endothelial cells and bile duct epithelial cells of normal adult rat liver expressed TGFβ1. A small amount of rat fetal liver sinusoidal endothelial cells express TGFβ1 expression gradually increased after birth, 30d after birth expression level with adult liver. After 1-2 days of resection, the expression of TGFβ1 in the blood sinus endothelial cells increased 1 ~ 2 days after the resection, and returned to the normal level 10 days after the resection. In the early and middle stage of liver cancer, the expression of TGFβ1 in endothelial cells was enhanced. Only a small amount of hepatoma cells expressed TGFβ1 in the middle and late stages. The results suggest that the changes of TGFβ1 expression in rat liver during embryonic, growth, adulthood and regenerative phase are beneficial to the regulation and relative stability of hepatocyte proliferation. The expression of TGFβ1 induced by HCC in rats failed to prevent the development of HCC, which may be related to the change of TGFβ1 receptor on the surface of HCC and the loss of TGFβ1 precursor activation mechanism.