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义务教育是更加接近纯公共产品的一种公益物品,其社会公益性的特点突出。我国义务教育的公益性应定位于在国家意志参与下,义务教育对全体公民在提高经济利益和政治权益上的持久影响。从此一概念出发,要保持我国义务教育的公益性就必须保证义务教育的广泛分享并且保证义务教育的“集体行动”提供。在此一背景下,我国政府在义务教育供给中应强调责任的“多中心”实现,但其中政府必须要做好宏观调控的职责。
Compulsory education is a kind of public welfare goods that is closer to pure public goods. Its characteristics of social public welfare are outstanding. The public welfare of our compulsory education should be located in the long-term impact of compulsory education on improving economic and political rights and interests of all citizens with the participation of the state. From this concept, in order to maintain the public welfare of compulsory education in China, it is necessary to ensure the extensive sharing of compulsory education and to ensure the “collective action” of compulsory education. Against this background, our government should emphasize the “multi-center” fulfillment of responsibility in the supply of compulsory education, but the government must fulfill the responsibility of macro-control.