论文部分内容阅读
一、各类型肾石的治疗通则(一)多饮水,1天进水量需3升(睡前宜饮一大杯水)维持尿量在2,000ml以上;(二)常用的中草药:扁蓄、瞿麦、车前、滑石,木通、冬葵子、金钱草、鸡内金、海金沙等随症加减应用;(三)结石小而健康状况好者,可采用体育活动,如跳跃,跑步,体操,弯腰时叩击肾区等增加肾脏活动度,有利于结石排出。由于多数肾结石位于下盏,故体位的变化有利于增加结石排出的可能;(四)控制尿路感染和纠正尿路梗阻和畸形;(五)有人认为,口服维生素A15万u/日,有利于损伤上皮的修复;(六)手术治疗指征:1.结石大于0.8cm或为多角形;2.结石引起疼痛,感染;3.结石引起严重出血;4.结石引起梗阻,使肾功能减退者。手术前如有尿感,必须予以控制。治疗上决不能仅满足于取石和排石,应注意结石的再发,其10年的复发率约为70%,故应采取预防复发的措施。二、各类型结石治疗上的特殊性:各类型结石的治疗均有其特殊性,今分述如下: (一)钙结石:如能发现引起结石的基础疾病,如甲状旁腺功能亢进等,宜予以治疗;2.肾小管性酸中毒:口服补碱能减轻骨质溶解,因为可减轻高钙尿
First, the treatment of various types of kidney stones General (a) more water, 1 day into the water required 3 liters (before going to bed to drink a large glass of water) to maintain urine output in more than 2,000 ml; (b) commonly used Chinese herbal medicine: (3) small stones and good health status, you can use physical activity, such as jumping, running, walking, walking, walking, walking, , Gymnastics, percussion kidney area when bent over to increase renal activity, is conducive to the discharge of stones. (4) control of urinary tract infection and the correction of urinary tract obstruction and deformity; (5) Some people think that the oral vitamin A 150000 u / day, there is a change of position is conducive to increasing the possibility of stone discharge; Conducive to the repair of damaged epithelium; (six) surgical indications: 1. stones greater than 0.8cm or polygonal; 2. stones cause pain, infection; 3. stones cause severe bleeding; 4. stones cause obstruction, so that renal dysfunction By. If the urine before surgery, must be controlled. Treatment must not only be satisfied with the stone and stone row, should pay attention to the recurrence of stones, the 10-year recurrence rate of about 70%, it should take measures to prevent recurrence. Second, the special treatment of various types of stones: the treatment of all types of stones have their own particularities, this points are as follows: (a) calcium stones: If you can find the underlying cause of stones, such as hyperparathyroidism, Should be treated; 2. Renal tubular acidosis: Oral alkali can reduce osteolysis, because it can reduce hypercalciuria