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20世纪40年代,阿曲库铵(atracurium.别名他克林,Tacrine)被麻醉师们用来拮抗吗啡引起的呼吸障碍,在使用过程中发现它能阻断乙酰胆碱在大脑内的分解,于 1982年被首次用于治疗老年性痴呆(阿尔茨海默氏病Alzheimer’s disease,AD)。1986年,Summers等报告用他克林治疗17例AD患者,结果14例患者的认知缺陷症状有了惊人的改善。其后,许多研究者对他克林的效能进行了临床研究。1993年,他克林获美国FDA认可,成为第一个用于AD的治疗药物。美国华纳公司派德药厂对其进行了研制开发,商品名为派可致(Cognex),已在多个国家上市,是目前治疗AD最有效的药物。其结构式如下:
In the 1940s, atracurium (alias Tacrine) was used by anesthetists to antagonize morphine-induced respiratory disorders and was found to block the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain during use The year was first used to treat Alzheimer’s disease (Alzheimer’s disease, AD). In 1986, Summers et al. Reported on the treatment of 17 AD patients with tacrine, resulting in an astonishing improvement in the cognitive deficits in 14 patients. Since then, many researchers have conducted a clinical study of the efficacy of tacrine. In 1993, Tacrine was approved by the U.S. FDA and became the first therapeutic drug to be used in AD. The United States Warner Pharmaceutical Company developed its German drug development, under the trade name of Cocanex (Cognex), has been listed in many countries, is currently the most effective treatment of AD drugs. Its structure is as follows: