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目前对于新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称：新冠肺炎）的病程机制和治疗方法的选择等方面仍有许多未知之处。由于2019-nCoV和SARS-CoV之间的高度相似性，从严重急性呼吸综合征（severe acute respiratory syndrome，SARS）中获得的一些知识经验，尤其是患者肺部病毒复制和免疫应答的时间规律和病程的演变特征，或许能对我们深入了解和应对新冠肺炎提供重要的借鉴。“,”The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global threat. But the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease are not clear yet. Virological researches revealed close relationship between 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV. The experience and knowledge we gained from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), especially with regard to the time course of viral replication, host immune response and clinical progression of the patient, may provide important insights into understanding and management of COVID-19. Clinical deterioration accompanied by decreasing viral load in the second week after symptom onset was noted both in SARS and COVID-19, suggesting that the lung damage at this phase is more related to excessive host immune response rather than uncontrolled viral replication.