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研究显示,相同的微小RNAs在癌症中拥有截然不同的作用,既可以是肿瘤阻抑物,也可以是原致癌物。21世纪初,科学家们开始为这样的观念而欣喜万分:微小RNAs,即那些可以干扰蛋白质翻译的微小非编码RNAs,可能与癌症有着重要联系。这一线索来自于发育生物学。当时在耶鲁大学工作的弗兰克·斯拉克(Frank Slack)和同事们发现,一种称之为let-7微小RNA的基因突变可以增加细胞分裂。2002年,费城市托马斯杰弗逊大学的卡罗·克罗斯
Research shows that the same microRNAs have distinctly different roles in cancer, either as tumor suppressors or as proto-carcinogens. In the early 2000s, scientists were overjoyed at the notion that tiny RNAs, tiny non-coding RNAs that interfere with protein translation, may have an important link with cancer. This clue comes from developmental biology. Frank Slack and colleagues working at Yale University at the time found that a gene mutation called let-7 microRNAs increased cell division. In 2002, Carlo Cross, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia