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以一个营养生长期长的有限型大豆品系通交83—932与营养生长期短的无限型品系公交8324—19和亚有限型品种吉林27号杂交获得开花期和生育期广泛分离的F_2群体,在虫害大发生的条件下靠自然害虫群体在田间鉴定了亲本,F_1和F_2代的抗虫性,研究了开花期和成熟期对大豆抗虫性表现的影响。结果表明,三个组合F_2代单株的虫食率与开花期和成熟期均呈极显著负相关。开花期和虫食率间的关系较复杂,受多种因素的影响,可以用多项式曲线拟合。对一组正反交组合的研究表明,用营养生长期长的材料做母本时,F_2代低虫食率单株的频率显著高于其反交组合。在抗虫筛选中,按成熟期严格分组,在组内进行抗虫性选择有助于减少生育期的干拢,提高准确性。
A F 2 population with wide variety of flowering and growth stages was obtained by crossing a limited length soybean line 83-932 and an infinity type bus line 8324-19 with short vegetative growth period and Jilin 27, Insect resistance of F_1 and F_2 generations were identified in the field by natural pest populations in the presence of a large population of pests and the effects of flowering and maturity on the performance of soybean pest resistance were studied. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the worm feeding rate and the flowering and maturity stages of F_2 generation. The relationship between the flowering stage and insecticidal rate is complicated, and can be fitted by polynomial curve due to many factors. Studies on a set of reciprocal crosses showed that when maternal parents were used as materials with long vegetative growth periods, the frequencies of individual plants with low desiccated F_2 generations were significantly higher than those with low reciprocal crosses. In the insect-resistant screening, according to the strict maturity grouping, the selection of pest resistance in the group will help to reduce the dry period of growth and improve the accuracy.