论文部分内容阅读
[目的]为重庆北碚地区花木产业的发展提供指导。[方法]利用山城北碚1981-2010年伏旱年份的伏旱天数、伏旱期降水量、伏旱期平均温度和极端最高温度资料及2005~2007年黄桷兰的物侯生长状况与物候观测资料,分析山城伏旱的的发生趋势、伏旱的强度趋势、伏旱强度与降水量和极端最高温度的关系、伏旱开始期的出现趋势以及伏旱对花木的影响。[结果]山城伏旱的发生概率为57%,轻旱、中旱、重旱、特重旱的出现概率分别为30%、10%、7%、10%;伏旱强度与降水量、极端最高温度没有线性比例关系,伏旱期日平均降水量小于0.9mm,极端最高温度在35.0～45.0℃,出现极端最高温度≥40.0℃的概率为30%;伏旱开始期出现在6月下旬～8月中旬,但特重旱的开始期出现在6月下旬～7月下旬,结束时间在9月上旬;在伏旱期间,当一侯中有3d极端最高温度>35.0℃时,高温伏旱开始影响花木的正常生长,当一侯中有3d极端最高温度>40.0℃时,高温伏旱对花木的生长造成严重影响。[结论]根据伏旱的特点,结合天气趋势预报并采取针对性防御措施可减小伏旱对花木的影响。
[Objective] To provide guidance for the development of flowers and trees industry in Beibei area in Chongqing. [Method] Based on the data of drought days, precipitation during the drought period, average temperature during the drought period and extreme maximum temperature from 1981 to 2010 in mountain Beibei, and the growth and phenological data of the Houhuang from 2005 to 2007, The trend of the intensity of the drought, the relationship between the intensity of the drought and the precipitation and the extreme maximum temperature, the appearance of the beginning of the drought and the impact of the drought on the flowers and trees. [Result] The probability of occurrence of summer drought was 57%, and the occurrence rates of light drought, moderate drought, severe drought and extraordinarily severe drought were 30%, 10%, 7% and 10% respectively. The drought and precipitation, extreme maximum temperature There is no linear proportion. The average daily precipitation in the drought period is less than 0.9mm, the extreme maximum temperature is between 35.0 and 45.0 ℃, and the probability of extreme maximum temperature≥40.0 ℃ is 30%. The beginning of the summer drought occurs from the middle of June to the middle of August. During the period of drought, when there is a 3d extreme maximum temperature> 35.0 ℃ in a month, the high temperature and drought began to affect the normal growth of flowers and trees, When there is a 3d extreme peak temperature> 40.0 ℃, the high temperature and drought on the growth of flowers and trees have a serious impact. [Conclusion] According to the characteristics of summer drought, combined with the forecast of weather trends and targeted defensive measures can reduce the impact of summer drought on flowers and trees.