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目的探索学校开展结核病健康教育的有效方式,为开展学校结核病健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用知识传播、校园活动和信息入户等形式,对浙江省11个市89个县的89所小学12岁学生4117名及其家长3652名进行结核病健康教育干预研究,并对教育效果进行评价。结果干预前调查对象5项核心信息的知晓率结核病的传染性为53.7%、专业机构诊治48.5%、坚持正规治疗39.3%、可疑症状20.2%和免费政策15.6%;干预后该5条核心信息知晓率有明显上升,分别为86.7%,78.4%,71.1%,52.5%和57.6%(P值均<0.01),对肺结核患者的态度差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论在学校中开展传播结核病防治知识效果显著,采用的知识传播、校园活动和信息入户等形成易于被学生接受。
Objective To explore the effective ways of carrying out tuberculosis health education in schools and to provide the basis for carrying out health education of tuberculosis in schools. Methods By means of knowledge dissemination, campus activities and information access, health education interventions were conducted on 4117 students of 12 primary schools and 3652 parents of 89 elementary schools in 89 counties in 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, and the educational effect was evaluated . Results Awareness of 5 core information of pre-intervention respondents The infection rate of TB was 53.7%, 48.5% of professional institutions were diagnosed and treated, 39.3% of regular treatment, 20.2% of suspicious symptoms and 15.6% of free policy were insisted. The 5 core information were known after intervention (P <0.01). The differences in attitude toward tuberculosis patients were statistically significant (P all <0.01). Conclusions The knowledge of spreading TB prevention and control in schools is remarkable. The adoption of knowledge dissemination, campus activities and information entry are easy to be accepted by students.