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选取商业纯铝和超硬铝作为锌电积阴极,在ZnSO_4-H_2SO_4体系中通过电化学测试研究两种阴极的电化学行为,同时利用扫描电镜观察铝合金上电积锌初期形核,X射线衍射分析锌片结晶取向.研究结果表明:500 A·m~(-2)电流密度下纯铝阴极的析出电位和交换电流密度分别为-1.541 V和7.74×10-11A·cm~(-2),超硬铝阴极分别为-1.496 V和6.07×10~(-3)A·cm~(-2).合金元素的添加会增加初期形核位置,提高形核速率,而形核速率的提高在一定程度上抑制卤族元素对阴极的腐蚀.沉积3 h后,锌片结晶取向没有发生变化.超硬铝易发生烧板和鼓泡,电流效率低,只有84.54%;纯铝电流效率达到88.04%,且沉积锌平整、光滑,但阴极板容易被卤族元素腐蚀.
Commercial pure aluminum and super-hard aluminum were selected as cathodes of zinc electrowinning. The electrochemical behavior of the two cathodes was investigated by electrochemical tests in ZnSO_4-H_2SO_4 system. The initial nucleation of zinc electrowinning by scanning electron microscopy The results show that the precipitating potential and exchange current density of the pure aluminum cathode at the current density of 500 A · m ~ (-2) are -1.541 V and 7.74 × 10-11A · cm ~ (-2), respectively ), And the superhard aluminum cathodes are -1.496 V and 6.07 × 10 -3 A · cm -2, respectively.The addition of alloying elements increases the initial nucleation sites and increases the nucleation rate, while the nucleation rate Improve the corrosion resistance of the halogen element to a certain extent.After deposition for 3 h, the crystal orientation of the zinc sheet has not changed.The superhard aluminum is prone to burning plate and bubbling, the current efficiency is low, only 84.54%; pure aluminum current efficiency Reached 88.04%, and the deposition of zinc flat, smooth, but the cathode plate is easily corroded by halogen elements.