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马克思认为资本主义基本矛盾有两大表现,由此决定了经济危机分为两大类,即生产比例失调性危机和消费不足性危机。马克思的经济危机理论虽然是分散的,但比例失调性危机比较集中地在社会总资本的再生产与流通理论中分析,其中的两大前提理论和有名的八大图式理论,清晰分析了社会总供给和总需求的结构比例及交换,消费需求不足性经济危机主要用资本有机构成提高趋势理论予以证明,消费不足性危机更带有资本主义制度特性,而生产比例失调性危机在社会化大生产条件下都可能发生。两种类型的经济危机理论,对当前我国的供给侧结构性改革的解说力极强,主要体现在正名、动力等六个方面。
According to Marx’s view, there are two major manifestations of the basic contradictions of capitalism, which determine that the economic crises fall into two categories, that is, the production imbalance crisis and the consumption deficit crisis. Although Marx’s theory of economic crisis is scattered, the crisis of proportion imbalances is mainly analyzed in the theory of reproduction and circulation of the total social capital. The two major preconditions and the famous eight-schema theory clearly analyze the total social supply The proportion of the total demand structure and exchange, lack of consumer demand, the economic crisis is mainly used to prove the theory of raising the capital structure to prove that the crisis of under-consumption with more capitalist system characteristics, and the proportion of production imbalances in the social production conditions are It may happen. The two types of economic crisis theories are very powerful in explaining the current supply-side structural reforms in our country. They are mainly embodied in six aspects: rectification of names and motivation.