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目的:研究探讨江苏省食源性疾病患者中诺如病毒的分子流行病学特点。方法 :收集2013—2014年的16 658例食源性疾病患者的粪便或肛拭子标本,并应用RT-PCR方法进行分组检测;选择部分阳性标本进行核苷酸序列测定和遗传进化树分析,确定基因型。同时收集患者相关的流行病学资料。结果:在16 658例食源性疾病病例中,检出诺如病毒1 208例(7.25%),其中1~4岁儿童阳性率最高(9.85%);不同性别检出率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.63,P=0.43),检出时间主要集中在每年10月—次年4月。71份阳性标本中采用ORF2区域测序成功分型63份。GⅠ组占9.5%,包括GⅠ.3型3份,GⅠ.9型2份,GⅠ.4型1份;GⅡ组占90.5%,全部为GⅡ.4型。结论:诺如病毒是引起食源性疾病的重要病原体之一,具有分布广、流行时间集中在冬春季、发病人群多为儿童等特点,其造成的危害应引起重视。引起食源性疾病的诺如病毒主要为GⅡ组,现阶段的优势毒株为GⅡ.4型。
Objective: To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of Norovirus in patients with food-borne diseases in Jiangsu Province. METHODS: A total of 16,658 food-borne illness fecal or anal swab specimens from 2013 to 2014 were collected and tested by RT-PCR. Group of positive samples were selected for nucleotide sequence analysis and genetic tree analysis, Determine genotype. At the same time collect patient-related epidemiological data. Results: Of the 16 658 cases of food-borne diseases, 208 were found to be Norovirus (7.25%), of which 1 to 4 years old had the highest positive rate (9.85%). There was no significant difference in the detection rates of different sexes (χ ~ 2 = 0.63, P = 0.43). The detection time was mainly from October to April. Seventy-one positive samples were successfully sequenced using ORF2 sequencing. GⅠ group accounted for 9.5%, including GⅠ.3 type 3, GⅠ.9 type 2, GⅠ.4 type 1; G Ⅱ group accounted for 90.5%, all G Ⅱ 4 type. CONCLUSION: Norovirus is one of the most important causative agents of food-borne diseases. It has the characteristics of wide spread, prevalence of time in winter and spring, and the incidence of children are mostly children. Norovirus, which causes food-borne diseases, is predominantly GII, and the predominant strain at this stage is GII.4.