碳市场的运行机制

• 作 者: 舟丹
• 出 处: 中外能源
• 发表日期: 2015年09期
• 关键词: 碳市场 交易手段 配额交易 环境绩效 机构控制 排放权交易 碳交易市场 期权交易 排放交易 碳排放

目前,碳市场的运行机制有两种形式。第一种基于配额的交易,是在有关机构控制和约束下,有减排指标的国家、企业或组织都包括在该市场中。管理者在总量管制与配额交易制度下,向参与者制定、分配排放配额,通过市场化的交易手段将环境绩效和灵活性结合起来,使得参与者能以尽可能低的成本达到遵约要求。第二种基于项目的交易,是通过项目的合作,买方向卖方提供资金支持,获得温室气体减排额度。由于发达国家的企业在本国减排花费的成本很高,而发展中

At present, there are two forms of operating mechanisms for the carbon market. The first quota-based transaction was included in the market under the control and discipline of the agencies concerned, and with countries, enterprises or organizations that had emission reduction targets. Under the system of total quantity control and quota trading, managers formulate and allocate emission allowances to participants and combine environmental performance and flexibility through market-oriented trading so that participants can meet the compliance requirements at the lowest possible cost . The second project-based transaction, through the cooperation of the project, the buyer to provide financial support to the seller, access to greenhouse gas credits. Due to the high cost of developing countries’ enterprises in their own country to reduce emissions, and development