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3.2“空间定位”能力标准空间定位技能主要是通过学校地理课程来养成的。学生在地理课中获得基础的地形知识和技能。定位能力的要素之一,是不同空间尺度中的地形定位的基础知识,例如,知道大陆和海洋、欧洲国家、德国的河流和山系的名称和位置;以及知道各种用于定位的网格和组织系统(O1),例如,经度和纬度、气候与植被带,或地球按经济的、政治的、文化特点的分类。定位能力也包括将地理因素纳入空间系统的能力(O2),如识别位置关系;以及一系列与日常生活有关的地形技能(O3),如阅读地图和自己绘制简易地图的能力。
3.2“Spatial Positioning” Capabilities Standard spatial positioning skills are developed primarily through school geography courses. Students acquire basic terrain knowledge and skills in geography lessons. One of the elements of positioning capability is the basic knowledge of terrain positioning in different spatial scales, for example, knowing the names and locations of continents and oceans, European countries, German rivers and mountains, and knowing various grids for positioning and Organizational systems (O1), for example, longitude and latitude, climate and vegetation belts, or the classification of the Earth according to economic, political, and cultural characteristics. Positioning capabilities also include the ability to incorporate geographic factors into spatial systems (O2), such as identifying location relationships, and a range of topographic skills (O3) related to daily life, such as the ability to read maps and draw simple maps on their own.