纽约社区花园的发展经验与启示

• 作 者: 郑婕 吕雅婷
• 机 构: 天津大学建筑学院,天津 300072
• 出 处: 资源与生态学报（英文版）
• 发表日期: 2022年2期
• 关键词: CiteSpace community garden public space social benefits urban agriculture

在高密度的城市环境下,居民对增加绿地面积、提升社区环境品质以及重建居民关系的迫切需求催生了社区花园这一新的空间类型.但我国尚缺少相关经验,而纽约社区花园建设起步较早,在空间建设和运营维护上都有着丰富的经验,可以为我国社区花园发展提供参考.本文首先采用文献计量研究方法,以2000–2020年Web of Science核心库的201篇期刊文献为研究对象,借助CiteSpace软件分析,得到纽约社区花园的研究热点从宏观研究向空间类型、营造方式、社会影响等研究转移;之后结合研究历程分析与实地调研访谈结果,对纽约社区花园的空间建设发展现状及社会组织建设发展现状进行探究,总结出纽约社区花园发展的有效经验.针对我国社区花园的发展现状,提出中国社区花园应以保障发展用地、发挥社会效益、调动社会组织力量为导向进行发展,从而成为城市空间建设和社会治理的有效途径.“,”In many highly dense urban environments, the urgent needs of residents for increasing green space, improving the quality of the community environment and reconstructing the relationships among residents have given birth to the new space type of community gardens. However, China still lacks this relevant experience. In contrast, New York City\'s community gardens had a relatively early start, and they now have rich experience in space construction, operation and maintenance. Given their level of experience, they can be used as references for the development of community gardens in China. This paper adopts a bibliometric research method, identifies 201 periodical literature sources published between 2000 and 2020 from the core library of the Web of Science as the object of study, and finally assesses the research hotspot for transferring from macro-research to space-type con-struction method, social impact, and so on, through CiteSpace software analysis. By virtue of the research process analysis and the results of field surveys and interviews, this paper probes the development status of space con-struction and social organization construction of the community gardens in New York City, and summarizes that area\'s effective experience of development. Based on the current development situation of China\'s community gardens, it is proposed that the development of community gardens should be directed by ensuring the land for development, giving full play to social benefits, and mobilizing social organizations, so as to effectively realize urban space construction and social governance.