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本刊在 2 0 0 4年第 1期发表了关于农民合作能力的一组笔谈 ,引起学术界较为强烈的反应。一部分学者来电告知这一选题较好 ,只是该问题有待进一步深入讨论 ;另一部分学者传来大作 ,进行商榷。本刊感谢各位专家学者参与此问题的讨论 ,使我们有了将此问题讨论推向深入的可能。在农村的经济改革推开之后 ,农民的组织化程度有所降低 ,这是不争的事实。村民自治活动的开展 ,除了追求村庄治理的民主化、规范化目标之外 ,也试图从政治的角度来寻求提高农民的组织化程度。但 2 0多年的实践表明 ,农民合作的现实与制度设置的初始目标相距较远 ,农民在公共合作活动中的“马铃薯效应”体现得比较明显。在推进市场经济建设进程中 ,农民被原子化 ,以各种形式散布于社会的各个角落 ,成为弱势群体 ,难以合作。影响农民合作的原因是多维的、立体的。我们在谈论农民合作时 ,有两个前提认定 :第一 ,无论是社会发展还是农民生存 ,都需要合作 ,没有合作 ,后果不堪设想 ;第二 ,农民不是没有合作能力 ,而是农民合作应在什么条件下或基础上进行 ,这会体现出不同的合作类型及其程度 ,无论是学界还是政界都不可轻视。参与这组笔谈的几位学者都是该领域研究的行家 ,他们从不同侧面对农民合作问题进行解剖 ,必定对关注三农问题的同?
In the first issue of 2004, the magazine published a series of written speeches on the ability of peasants to cooperate, arousing a strong reaction from academics. Some scholars call to inform this topic is better, but the issue needs further discussion; another part of the scholar came to discuss. We thank all experts and scholars for their participation in the discussion of this issue so that we have the possibility to further discuss this issue. It is an indisputable fact that the degree of organization of peasants has been reduced after the rural economic reform has been carried out. In addition to pursuing the goal of democratization and standardization of village governance, the villager autonomy activities are also trying to seek to raise the degree of peasants’ organization from a political perspective. However, more than 20 years of practice have shown that the reality of peasants’ cooperation is far from the initial goal of institution-setting and the “potato effect” of peasants in public cooperation activities is more obvious. In the course of promoting the construction of a market economy, peasants are atomized and dispersed in various forms in all corners of society, becoming vulnerable groups and making co-operation difficult. The reasons for the cooperation of peasants are multi-dimensional and three-dimensional. When we talk about farmer cooperation, we have two preconditions: First, both social development and the survival of peasants need cooperation and no cooperation; the consequences are unimaginable. Second, peasants do not have the ability to cooperate but do not co-operate with peasants Conditions or on the basis of this will reflect the different types of cooperation and its extent, both academics and politicians can not be underestimated. Several scholars who participated in this group of speeches are experts in this field. They dissect peasants’ cooperation from different aspects and must pay attention to the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.