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在乙型病毒性肝炎被识别以前,医务人员中的同种血清黄疸,便认为是一种职业性感染,最近用乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)抗体、作为乙肝接触史的标记物,证实医务人员比一般居民有更经常的接触机会。抗-HBs阳性率最高者是外科医生、病理科医生,其次是护士、实验室工作人员、肾病单位工作人员、采血人员和牙科医生。发生率随年龄增加,但尤以从事医务工作的最初几年内增加最速。在肾病单位和肿瘤单位的乙肝爆发,以及急诊外科手术引起的急性乙肝爆发,提供了进一步的证据:医务人员可以从病人获得乙肝感染。意外接种事故后使用特异免疫球蛋白的效果、以
Prior to the identification of Hepatitis B, the same type of serum jaundice among medical workers was considered a type of occupational infection. Recently, hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) antibodies were used as markers of history of hepatitis B exposure, confirming that medical staff More frequent exposure than the average resident. The highest positive rates of anti-HBs were surgeons, pathologists, followed by nurses, laboratory staff, nephrology staff, blood donors and dentists. The incidence increases with age but increases most rapidly in the first few years of medical work. The outbreak of hepatitis B in nephrology units and oncology units, as well as the acute outbreak of hepatitis B in emergency surgeries, provide further evidence that medical staff can obtain hepatitis B infection from patients. The effect of using specific immunoglobulins after an accidental vaccination