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[目的]通过对青岛市实施儿童计划免疫20年的成本-效果评价,为青岛市疫苗针对性疾病预防控制提供参考依据。[方法]通过查阅青岛市疾病预防控制中心的历史档案资料以及专家访谈,获得青岛市计划免疫相关资料,进行成本-效果分析。[结果]D期(计划免疫期)用于计划免疫的总投入(支出)为16 986.1万元。按病种分,用于预防和控制脊髓灰质炎以及麻疹两种疾病的支出占了总支出的2/3以上,分别为7 349.82万元和3 652.29万元。计划免疫产生的效果显著,D期与A期(预防接种前期)、B期(预防接种期)、C期(计划免疫前期)三期相比的成本效果比分别是1∶19.39、1∶7.84、1∶2.89。[结论]各计划免疫针对传染病成本效果比值显著,应进一步加强计划免疫的投入。
[Objective] Through the cost-effectiveness evaluation of implementing 20-year-childhood immunization in Qingdao, this study provides a reference for the prevention and control of vaccine-specific diseases in Qingdao. [Methods] Through access to the historical records of Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention as well as expert interviews, access to information on the planned immunization in Qingdao City, the cost - effectiveness analysis. [Results] The total investment (expenditure) for planned immunization during Phase D (planned immunization period) was 168.861 million yuan. According to the disease points, the expenditure on preventing and controlling polio and measles diseases accounted for more than 2/3 of the total expenditure, reaching RMB 73,998,200 yuan and RMB 35,262,900 yuan respectively. The effect of planned immunization was significant. The cost-effectiveness ratios of D phase to phase A (pre-vaccination), phase B (vaccination) and phase C (preimmunization) were 1:19.39 and 1:7.84 respectively , 1: 2.89. [Conclusion] The cost-effectiveness ratio of all immunizations against infectious diseases is significant, and the investment of immunization should be further strengthened.