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[目的]通过了解临床对患者血液传播性疾病检测情况及医护人员在各诊疗过程中的职业暴露情况,并对其进行分析,说明对患者进行血液传播性疾病检测可降低医务人员职业暴露和医患纠纷的风险。[方法]通过调查统计2004年1月至2008年6月某院各科术前、输血前检查的患者和发生的223例职业暴露情况。[结果]乙肝病人阳性率为13.56%,丙肝病人阳性率为1.63%,梅毒病人阳性率为1.36%,查出并确证的HIV病人44例。223例职业暴露中医生发生60例(15.2%),护士发生154例(26.3%),护工发生9例(2.2%),护理人员发生职业暴露机率最高(P﹤0.001);术科人员均高于非术科人员:手术室发生64例,占28.70%,骨科病房发生49例,占21.97%,内科病房发生36例,占16.14%,急诊室发生23例,占10.31%。[结论]医护人员发生职业暴露机率很高,加强血液传播性疾病检测能有效地降低医务人员职业暴露的风险,同时也能很好地保护医患双方的自身利益。
[Objective] To understand the clinical detection of blood-borne diseases in patients and the occupational exposure of medical staff in various medical treatment and treatment periods, and to analyze them, which shows that the detection of blood-borne diseases in patients can reduce the occupational exposure of medical staff and doctors Risk of dispute. [Methods] According to the survey, a total of 223 preoperative and pretransplant patients and 223 occupational exposures in a hospital from January 2004 to June 2008 were collected. [Results] The positive rate of hepatitis B was 13.56%, the positive rate of hepatitis C was 1.63%, the positive rate of syphilis was 1.36%, and 44 cases of HIV patients were confirmed and confirmed. There were 223 cases (15.2%) of occupational exposure physicians, 154 cases (26.3%) of nurses, 9 cases of nursing workers (2.2%) and the highest occupational exposure rate of nursing staff (P <0.001) Non-surgical staff: Surgery occurred in 64 cases, accounting for 28.70%, 49 cases of orthopedic ward, accounting for 21.97%, 36 cases of medical ward, accounting for 16.14%, emergency room occurred in 23 cases, accounting for 10.31%. [Conclusion] The occupational exposure of medical staff is very high. To strengthen the detection of blood-borne diseases can effectively reduce the occupational exposure of medical staff and protect the self-interest of both doctors and patients.