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自1990年以来,中国钢铁工业在节能和环保方面取得显著进展。发展循环经济是钢铁工业实现可持续发展的必然途径。国家“十一五”发展规划纲要(2006—2010年)将济南钢铁公司、曹妃甸京唐钢铁公司和一些企业列入循环经济试点企业。截至2009年,中国已有9家钢铁企业成为循环经济试点企业。拓展钢铁企业功能,特别是能源转换功能和废弃物处理、消纳功能是实现循环经济的有效途径。未来循环经济社会中有2种类型钢厂,都市周边型钢厂和港口工业生态带型钢厂。在都市周边型钢厂中,废钢、废塑料、废水和其他城市废弃物将得到有效的回收利用。位于港口附近的大型钢铁联合企业的发展将引领港口城市的基础设施建设,逐步成为工业生态带。基于新一代钢厂的工业生态链已开始在工业生态港口建立,这类钢铁企业的社会经济功能将得到体现。在“十二五”期间(2011—2015年),应建立和完善钢铁工业与其他工业行业之间的工业生态链,进一步提升其功能和效果。
Since 1990, China’s steel industry has made remarkable progress in energy conservation and environmental protection. Developing circular economy is the inevitable way for the steel industry to achieve sustainable development. National “Eleventh Five-Year” Development Plan (2006-2010) Jinan Iron and Steel Company, Caofeidian Jingtang Iron and Steel Company and a number of enterprises included in the circular economy pilot enterprises. As of 2009, nine steel mills in China have become pilot enterprises for circular economy. Expansion of iron and steel enterprise functions, especially energy conversion functions and waste disposal, consumption function is an effective way to achieve circular economy. In the future, there are 2 types of steel mills in circular economy and society, urban peripheral steel mills and industrial steel belts in port. In metropolitan peripheral steel mills, scrap, waste plastics, waste water and other municipal waste will be effectively recycled. The development of large iron and steel complexes located near the port will lead the infrastructure construction in port cities and gradually become an industrial ecological zone. The industrial ecological chain based on the new generation of steel mills has started to be established in industrial ecological ports. The social and economic functions of such steel mills will be reflected. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” (2011-2015), the industrial ecological chain between the steel industry and other industrial sectors should be established and improved to further enhance its functions and effects.