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目的掌握新疆哈萨克族和汉族代谢综合征(MS)的流行特点。方法 采取分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取新疆石河子市、沙湾县、新源县、玛纳斯县及博州25岁及以上人群,进行问卷调查、体格检查和血生化指标检测,其中哈萨克族2760人,汉族3001人,按照国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)标准比较两民族MS患病率。结果 哈萨克族和汉族MS粗患病率分别为26.6%和23.0%,年龄标化患病率分别为24.4%和20.3%,哈萨克族高于汉族(P<0.05),按性别分层后结果相同。两民族女性患病率均高于男性,MS患病率均随年龄增加而升高。哈萨克族MS组分检出率最高的是肥胖,其次是血压偏高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低(51.8%、48.9%和41.1%),而汉族依次是血压偏高、肥胖和三酰甘油高(48.8%、42.6%和33.9%)。其中肥胖、HDL-C低、高血糖检出率哈萨克族高于汉族,而三酰甘油高检出率哈萨克族低于汉族。哈萨克族MS相关因素有:女性(男性为对照,OR=1.552)、年龄增加(25～<35、35～<45、45～<55、55～<65、≥65年龄段的OR值分别为1.843、4.246、6.489、8.154、10.904),离婚、丧偶或分居的OR值为2.084,单身OR值为1.335,非农牧民(OR=0.680),饮酒(OR=1.417),蔬菜摄入多(每天都吃OR=0.654,每周1～3次OR=0.609)。汉族MS相关因素:女性(男性为对照,OR=1.606),年龄(25～<35、35～<45、45～<55、55～<65、≥65年龄段的OR值分别为1.422、0.952、2.364、3.094、3.795)。结论 哈萨克族和汉族MS患病率高于全国平均水平,哈萨克族高于汉族,防治的重点是控制中心性肥胖,重点人群是中老年女性。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Kazak and Han nationalities of Xinjiang. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to collect questionnaires, physical examinations and blood biochemical indexes in Shihezi City, Shawan County, Xinyuan County, Manas County and Bozhou people aged 25 years and over in Xinjiang 2,760 Kazakhs and 3,001 Han Chinese, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) standards comparing MS prevalence of two ethnic groups. Results The crude prevalence rates of MS in Kazakh and Han were 26.6% and 23.0% respectively, with the age-standardized prevalences of 24.4% and 20.3%, respectively, and higher in Kazaks than in Han (P <0.05). The results were the same after sex stratification . The prevalence rates of both ethnic women were higher than those of men, and the prevalence of MS increased with age. The highest detection rate of MS components in Kazakh was obesity, followed by high blood pressure and low HDL-C (51.8%, 48.9% and 41.1%), while Han followed by high blood pressure and obesity And triglyceride high (48.8%, 42.6% and 33.9%). Among them, obesity, HDL-C low, high blood sugar detection rate was higher in Kazakh than Han nationality, while high detection rate of triacylglycerol was lower in Kazakh than Han nationality. The factors related to MS in Kazak were as follows: female (male, OR = 1.552), age (25 ~ 35, 35 ~ 45, 45 ~ 55, 55 ~ 65, OR 65) 1.843,4.246,6.489,8.154,10.904). The OR of divorced, widowed or separated was 2.084, the single OR was 1.335, the non-agricultural herdsman (OR = 0.680), drinking (OR = 1.417) OR = 0.654 eat every day, 1 to 3 times a week OR = 0.609). The related factors of Han MS were: female (male = OR = 1.606), age (25 OR 35, 35 ~ 45, 45 ~ 55, 55 ~ 65, OR 65 years old were 1.422,0.952 , 2.364, 3.094, 3.795). Conclusion The prevalence of MS in Kazaks and Han nationalities is higher than the national average. The Kazaks are higher than Han nationality. The focus of prevention and treatment is to control central obesity. The key population is middle-aged and elderly women.