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目的分析我国肾移植患者合并恶性肿瘤的状况和特点。方法通过中国生物医学文献数据库和清华同方医学期刊数据库文献检索系统,以“肾移植”和“肿瘤”为主题词进行检索,对其中15篇文献进行统计,重点对泌尿系统肿瘤、肝癌、皮肤癌、Kaposi肉瘤和淋巴瘤等进行统计分析。结果包含1977年至2003年6月的肾移植病例共13969例,肾移植后发生恶性肿瘤210例,肿瘤发生率为5.6‰～42.0‰,总体发生率为15.0‰;在210例恶性肿瘤中,泌尿系统肿瘤64例(30.5%),肝癌28例(13.3%),皮肤癌16例(7.6%),淋巴瘤12例(5.7%),Kaposi肉瘤10例(4.8%),其它类型肿瘤有80例,占38.1%;河南省以北的患者泌尿系统肿瘤的发生率明显高于南方(江苏省以南),而肝癌、皮肤癌、淋巴瘤和Kaposi肉瘤的发生率低于南方。结论我国肾移植患者恶性肿瘤的发生率低于欧美国家;泌尿系统肿瘤和肝癌多发;南北方肿瘤发生的类型有明显差异。
Objective To analyze the status and characteristics of malignant tumors in renal transplant patients in China. Methods According to the database of Chinese biomedical literature and Tsinghua tongfang medical journals database, the author searched “kidney transplantation” and “tumor” as keywords, and collected 15 of them, and focused on urological tumors, liver cancer, skin cancer , Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoma statistical analysis. The results included 13969 renal transplant cases from 1977 to June 2003, 210 cases of malignant tumors after renal transplantation, the incidence of tumors was 5.6 ‰ ~ 42.0 ‰, the overall incidence was 15.0 ‰; among 210 malignant tumors, 64 (30.5%) cases of urological tumors, 28 (13.3%) cases of liver cancer, 16 (7.6%) skin cancer, 12 (5.7%) lymphoma and 10 Kaposi’s sarcoma Cases, accounting for 38.1%; the incidence of urological tumors in patients to the north of Henan Province was significantly higher than in the south (south of Jiangsu Province), while the incidence of liver cancer, skin cancer, lymphoma and Kaposi’s sarcoma was lower than that in the south. Conclusions The incidence of malignant tumors in kidney transplant recipients in China is lower than that in Europe and the United States. Urinary system tumors and liver cancers are multiple. There are significant differences in the types of tumors between north and south.