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本文重点讨论了中国家庭暴力受害女性通过在网络论坛上发帖所建构的话语身份,所用的语料为受害者在天涯社区发布的主题帖。本文以小句为基本单位,根据语料的具体情况,以一个细化的言语行为框架对语料进行分析,进而归纳出三大类话语身份:宣泄者、求助者和勉励者。分析结果显示,宣泄者占总数的21%,其中90%的宣泄者重在表达自己消极、抑郁的情绪;69%的受害者通过发帖寻求帮助,但寻求法律帮助的仅占求助者的8.5%。一方面,网络所具备的匿名性和广泛性的特征使受害女性得以通过网络这一渠道来表达对家暴的态度、寻求帮助、自我鼓励或者为他人提供建议与告诫。另一方面,中国妇女通过法律手段主动进行自我保护的意识有待提高。此外,母亲、妻子、女儿、儿媳等家庭身份认同对受害者话语身份建构起到了或正或负的协商作用。
This article focuses on discourse identities constructed by women victims of family violence in China via online forums. The corpus used is the theme posts for victims in Tianya community. In this paper, the sentence as the basic unit, according to the specific circumstances of the corpus, with a detailed framework of speech acts on the corpus analysis, and then summed up the three major categories of discourse identity: catharsis, aspirants and encouragers. Analysis showed that the catharsis accounted for 21% of the total, of which 90% of the catharsis stressed their negative emotions, depression; 69% of the victims by posting to seek help, but seek legal help only account for 8.5% . On the one hand, the anonymity and breadth of the Internet provide victims women with the opportunity to express their attitude toward domestic violence through the Internet as a channel of help, self-encouragement or advice and caution. On the other hand, the awareness of Chinese women of proactive self-protection through legal means needs to be improved. In addition, family identity such as mother, wife, daughter, daughter-in-law plays a positive or negative consultative role in victim discourse identity construction.