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目的了解合肥市涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者筛查及肺结核患者检出情况。方法对2011—2014年合肥市县(市)区结防机构新登记涂阳肺结核患者的27 644名密切接触者筛查情况进行分析,收集密切接触者相关信息及检查情况并录入Excel数据库,应用SPSS17.0进行数据分析,采用趋势性和列联表检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者检查率60.03%(16 596/27 644),肺结核患者检出率为0.43%(71/16 596);从2011年到2014年涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者检查率呈显著下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(趋势=1 707.682,P<0.001)。密切接触者中家属肺结核患者检出率高于非家属肺结核患者检出率,差异有统计学意义(=4.705,P=0.030);未实行“三位一体”地区的密切接触者检查率为90.00%(5 529/6 143),高于已实行“三位一体”地区的密切接触者检查率,差异有统计学意义[51.47%(11 067/21 501)](=2 956.756,P<0.001)。结论涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者是肺结核发病的高危人群。因此要加强对涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者的检查,有助于早期发现和规范治疗肺结核患者。
Objective To understand the close contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Hefei City and the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods The screening of 27 644 close contacts of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients newly registered in the prevention and control institutions in Hefei city from 2011 to 2014 was conducted. The relevant information and examination of close contacts were collected and entered into the Excel database. SPSS17.0 for data analysis, using trend and contingency table test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The detection rate of close contacts among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 60.03% (16 596/27 644), and the detection rate of tuberculosis patients was 0.43% (71/16 596). From 2011 to 2014, the close contact rate of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients Showed a significant downward trend, the difference was statistically significant (trend = 1 707.682, P <0.001). The detection rate of family members with tuberculosis among close contacts was higher than that of non-family members with tuberculosis (= 4.705, P = 0.030). The rate of close contact with people without “Trinity” was 90.00 % (5 529/6 143), which was higher than that of the close contacts examined in the “Trinity” region [51.47% (11 067/21 501)] (= 2 956.756, P <0.001 ). Conclusion The close contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients are the high risk of tuberculosis. Therefore, to strengthen the close contact with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients check, help to early detection and standardization of tuberculosis patients.