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为研究中国光皮木瓜种质资源的多样性水平,采用形态标记技术,再基于相关性分析、聚类分析等方法对我国12个主要产地光皮木瓜的果长、果径、果实鲜质量及种子的长、宽、百粒质量以及鲜质量进行统计分析。结果表明:除果实鲜质量、风干种子百粒质量外,各性状在不同产地间均差异显著(p<0.05)。果实和种子性状间相关性表明,随着果长的增加,果径、果形指数增大,果实形状越趋近于圆形,而种径越大,种子形状越趋近于圆形。种实各性状与产地地理气候因子相关分析表明,在年平均气温和年平均降水量相对较低的高纬度产地光皮木瓜果实相对较大,而在高纬度地带的东部产地光皮木瓜种子鲜质量较大,且种子越趋近于圆形。聚类分析可将12个光皮木瓜产地分为3个类群,而类群间种实性状在一定程度上呈现出沿“秦岭—淮河”线逐渐变异的趋势。
In order to study the diversity level of Quercus mongolica germplasm resources in China, morphological marker technology was used to analyze the fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit fresh weight and fruit fresh weight of 12 main producing areas in China based on correlation analysis and cluster analysis. Seed length, width, 100-grain quality and fresh quality for statistical analysis. The results showed that all the traits showed significant differences (p <0.05) except for the fresh quality of dried fruits and the quality of dried seeds. The correlation between fruit and seed traits showed that with the increase of fruit length, the fruit diameter and fruit shape index increased, and the shape of fruit became closer to the circle. The larger the seed diameter, the closer the seed shape was to the circle shape. Correlation analysis of the species and geographical and climatic factors showed that in the relatively high annual latitude of the annual average temperature and relatively low annual rainfall, the light-skinned papaya fruit is relatively large, while in the eastern region of the high latitudes light-skin papaya seeds are fresh The mass is larger and the seeds tend to be more rounded. Cluster analysis could divide the origin of 12 photoperiods into three groups, while the seed-type traits showed a trend of gradual variation along the “Qinling-Huaihe River” line to a certain extent.