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核受体家族4A(NR4A)是核受体亚家族成员,其转录活性很大程度上由其表达水平决定。NR4A参与多种信号转导通路,如核因子κB(NF-κB)通路等,调控相关靶基因的表达,在T淋巴细胞、造血干细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、调节性T细胞(Treg)等免疫细胞的分化、发育中发挥重要作用。它还参与机体自身免疫耐受及免疫自稳态的形成,可以通过调节免疫细胞极化作用控制机体炎症应答的强度。NR4A基因缺失可以导致严重的自身免疫反应。此外,NR4A受体在机体代谢、免疫功能、心血管疾病、神经系统功能、炎症性疾病、恶性肿瘤中扮演重要角色。
Nuclear Receptor Family 4A (NR4A) is a member of the nuclear receptor subfamily whose transcriptional activity is largely determined by its expression level. NR4A is involved in a variety of signal transduction pathways, such as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, regulating the expression of related target genes in T lymphocytes, hematopoietic stem cells, monocytes, macrophages, regulatory T cells ) Immune cells such as differentiation and development play an important role. It is also involved in the formation of autoimmune tolerance and autoimmune homeostasis and can control the intensity of inflammatory response in the body by regulating the polarization of immune cells. NR4A gene deletion can lead to serious autoimmune reactions. In addition, NR4A receptors play an important role in body metabolism, immune function, cardiovascular diseases, nervous system function, inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors.